Faculty Mentor:  Dr. Michael Hargather, Associate Professor of Mechanical Engineering

Post-explosion environments are fluid-dynamically complex, involving turbulent mixing between ambient air and explosion product gases, shock and expansion wave propagations, and interactions of solid particles from unexploded material or structural cases.  Characterizing and understanding the turbulent environment and how it scales with or is dependent on explosive material and size is important for development of computational simulations for explosions and understanding the complicated post-blast environment.  In this INTENSE REU project the student will use the NMIMT Tunnel for High-speed Optical Research (THOR) with high-speed schlieren imaging to study shock wave and product gas propagation from small-scale explosions as shown here in the schlieren image of a 500 mg explosion.  The student will develop MATLAB image processing algorithms to extract turbulent structure size statistics and compare turbulent quantities between explosions of different sizes.  

Faculty Mentor:  Dr. Mostafa Hassanalian, Assistant Professor of Mechanical Engineering

Today, there is a growing need for flying drones with diverse capabilities for both civilian and military applications. There is also a significant interest in the development of novel drones which can autonomously fly in different environments and locations and can perform various missions.   In this project, students will learn different aspects of unmanned air systems, including novel classification of flying drones from unmanned air vehicles until smart dusts as the both sides of the spectrum, with their new defined applications. They will also become familiar with design challenges of space and marine drones, existing methods for increasing the drones’ endurance, and various control, guidance, navigation, and manufacturing techniques. Students will participate in design, CAD modeling, aerodynamic analysis, and simulation of a small fixed and flapping wing micro air vehicles in XFLR5 and FLAPSIM software. The research interest is on the developing and combining different techniques and methodologies to design, analyze, control, and optimize the different types of unmanned aerial and aquatic systems (e.g., fixed wing, flapping wing, tilt-rotor/wing, morphing, space, and marine drones, and underwater robots.) at a reduced computational cost. 

Faculty Mentor: Dr. Jamie Kimberley, Associate Professor of Mechanical Engineering 

Intelligent microstructural materials-by-design approaches provide a new pathway to achieving materials that are resistant to dynamic fracture/spall failure. The resulting materials will provide a realization of blast/impact resistant structures that will provide improved protection of people and critical infrastructure exposed to extreme dynamic environments. A critical component for the development of these advanced materials systems is an improved understanding of the active failure mechanisms. For this project, the REU student will investigate the effect of microencapsulated viscous liquid inclusions on the dynamic fracture response of polymer specimens. The image here shows the viscous microcapsule/polymer composite with existing crack. As the crack extends it ruptures the fluid-filled microcapsules, resulting in a viscous bridging traction applied to the crack faces as the crack propagates. The bridging traction tends to reduce the crack tip stress intensity factor, providing an increase in apparent facture toughness when the crack is growing dynamically. The REU student will conduct dynamic fracture experiments utilizing high speed video coupled with quantitative optical techniques (e.g. digital image correlation (DIC)) to characterize the fracture parameters, such as the dynamic stress intensity factor and crack growth rates.

Faculty Mentor:  Dr. Michaelann Tartis, Associate Professor of Chemical Engineering 

Mechanisms involved in primary blast-induced traumatic brain injuries that plague our returning military servicemen remain poorly understood.  Materials to simulate tissues of the cranium are needed to produce models that are readily reproducible in blast studies.  Test objects that are both biofidelic and reproducible provide the opportunity to investigate dominant mechanisms at varying blast parameters.  Fabricating materials that are transparent allow for optical diagnostics with the material during the blast event, such as PIV and DIC.  Using tissue simulants, it may be possible to reproduce post-mortem diagnostics used in the clinic for adequate comparison of the observed injuries.  The mechanisms elucidated from these studies may be used to inform the design of protective gear to mitigate blast injuries.  The REU student working on this project will focus on performing mechanical and material characterization of potential biofidelic simulants for skull, vasculature, grey and white matter using both conventional materials characterization and newly developed microscopy techniques.  

Faculty Mentor:  Dr. Chelsey Hargather, Assistant Professor of Materials Engineering

Solid composite propellant rocket motors are traditionally fabricated using a cast and cure method with formulations involving an oxidizer such as ammonium perchlorate (AP) and a binder such as hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB).  As lead times and costs for traditional motors have risen, a need to change the way solid rocket propellants are formulated and manufactured has developed in the industry.  Adapting additive manufacturing techniques for manufacturing solid composite rocket motors involves research into  propellant and binder formulations that are compatible with these techniques.  In this INTENSE REU project, the student will perform preliminary feasibility testing of alternative fuel-oxidizer-binder combinations to be used in an additive manufacturing process.  The student will also assist in the creation and burn testing of miniature rocket motors.

 Faculty Mentor:  Dr. Curtis O'Malley, Assistant Professor of Mechanical Engineering

Faculty Mentor:  Dr. Kooktae Lee, Assistant Professor of Mechanical Engineering

Distributed networked control schemes are an area of active research and implementation in manufacturing plants, power grids, autonomous vehicles and robots. This trend is due to rapid advancements of technologies including computing power, embedded platforms, and communication networks. In this INTENSE REU project, the student will learn the basics of networked control systems and develop cooperative control algorithms for a multi-agent robot platform such as the one shown here.  The student will learn how to intelligently control multiple robots to successfully achieve a given cooperative-control mission. This project will expose the student to broad experiences in mechanics, electrical circuits, communications, control, and programming, which will eventually improve student’s overall knowledge and understanding of control systems.

Faculty Mentor: Dr. Arvin Ebrahimkhanlou, Assistant Professor of Mechanical Engineering 

Computer vision (CV) and artificial intelligence (AI) are fast-growing fields of research that are transforming several other fields, such as robotics. Specifically, CV has enabled robots to “see” their surrounding environment, and AI has made them capable of “thinking” about their interaction with the environment. As the interest in intelligent and autonomous systems is ever increasing, new applications for such systems need to be explored and investigated. Examples of such new applications include condition assessment of civil infrastructures, maintenance of aerospace systems, and support and rescue in underground mines. In this INTENSE REU project, the student will learn basic CV and AI algorithms, such as object recognition and path planning, and implement them on ground or flying robots. In particular, the objective is to adapt such algorithms to new applications mentioned above. The student will be embedded in the NMT Acoustic and Visual Monitoring Laboratory.

Faculty Mentor:  Dr. Michael Hargather, Associate Professor of Mechanical Engineering

Flame propagation through a reactant mixture of powders is fundamentally one way to characterize the energy transfer and generation behavior of a mixture. Flame speeds can be measured by loading powders into an open ended transparent tube and igniting the powder at one of the tube using a hot wire or other igniter. High speed imaging cameras are used to monitor the progression of the leading edge of light as the flame propagates through the tube. In this INTENSE REU project the student will design and construct a flame tube apparatus that will enable consistent ignition and measurements of flame speeds. The apparatus will need to include a housing that will allow a powder filled tube to be constrained during ignition and combustion experiments, and allow viewing of the tube throughout the reaction. High speed cameras will be used to capture the flame dynamics throughout the ignition and combustion process. The design will then be tested using standard mixture formulations ignited with a hot wire. The student will develop MATLAB image processing algorithms to extract information on flame propagation behavior, such as planar versus stochastic flame fronts and transition to stead state propagation.

Faculty Mentor:  Dr. Chelsey Hargather, Assistant Professor of Materials Engineering

Increasing use of additive manufacturing processes for advanced construction, military, and high performance material applications has led to increasing use of particle based inks to create end products out of cements, energetic slurries, and ceramics.  Such materials are typically processed through casting or other means that result in a highly controlled and well understood final microstructure of the particles.  These is particularly important, because microstructure impacts bulk strength, energetic potential, and finish of the product.  However, extrusion based printing can result in a range of different particle microstructures within the same material based on processing conditions.  In this INTENSE REU project, the student will perform preliminary experiments to understand how changes to applied flow rate and printer head speed affect the arrangement of particles in a model ink after printing.  The student will conduct both printing and microscopy measurements as well as learn about standard experimental rheology techniques.